Estimation of emerging diagnostic parameters for Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients severity and fatality

Authors

  • Ashraf Department of Microbiology, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Ishtiaq Ahmad Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan
  • Sajjad Ali Department of Pulmonology, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan
  • Nabi Rahman Department of Pulmonology, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan
  • Hamidullah Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan
  • Amjad Ali Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.4100

Abstract

Objective: To identify various emerging diagnostics parameters of coronavirus disease 2019 related to disease progression and fatality.

Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Mardan Medical Complex, Khyber Pakhtunkhwah, Pakistan, from February 9, 2021, to April 21, 2021, and comprised patients of either gender aged >18 years diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 on the basis of polymerase chain reaction testing and who were admitted to the hospital using the World health Organisation interim guidelines. Disease progression was categorised as mild, moderate, severe and critical, and they were monitored closely till the final outcome. Data was analysed using SPSS 26.

Result: Of the 408 patients, 215(52.69%) were male and 193(47.30%) were female. The overall median age of the sample was 55 years (interquartile range: 18-84 years).  Symptoms included cough 92(22.54%), fever 80(19.60%), shortness of breath 78(19.60%), fatigue 60(14.70%) and loss of smell and test 52(12.74%), while 46(11.27%) were asymptomatic. Azithromycin was the most used drug 304(74.50%), while antiviral Remdesivir was given to 279(68.38%) patients and hydrocortisone to 143(35.04%). Plasma treatment was given to 55(13.48) patients and mechanical ventilation to 87(21.32). Compared to baseline, disease progression was mild in 72(17.64) patients, moderate 96(23.52), severe 98(24.01) and critical in 89(21.81), while no change was seen 53(12.99) cases. Severity level was significantly associated with liver and renal function parameters (p<0.05). Overall, 47(11.51%) patients died.

Conclusions: Different severity levels during hospitalisation among patients of coronavirus disease 2019 were noted, and severity level was significantly associated with liver and renal function parameters.

Author Biographies

Ashraf, Department of Microbiology, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan

designation:Mphil (microbiology)scholar

cosrresponding author:Ashraf

1:Author.

contribution:Ashraf contrubuted  in research scientific writing study designing,data collection,data interpretation, data analysis,finding of this paper,drafting.

Ishtiaq Ahmad, Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan

Department:Medicine

Designation:consultant (Medical Department)

2:Author

contribution:Ishtiaq Ahmad contributed in research scientific writing study designing,data collection,data interpretation, data analysis,finding of this paper,drafting.Ishtiaq Ahmad, collected clinical data from each patients in the form of current diseases status i.e sign symptom,patient history.

Sajjad Ali, Department of Pulmonology, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan

departmetn:Pulmonology

designation:Associate professor

3:Author

contribution:Sajjad Ali  collected clinical data from each patients in the form of current diseases status i.e sign symptom,patient history.

Nabi Rahman, Department of Pulmonology, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan

departmetn:Pulmonology

designation: professor

4:Author

contribution:he collected clinical data from each patients in the form of current diseases status i.e sign symptom,patient history.

Hamidullah, Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan

department:Medicine

designation:Assistant professor

5:Author

contribution:Hamidullah did literature research.

Amjad Ali, Department of Medicine, Medical Teaching Institution Mardan Medical Complex / Bacha khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan

department:Medicine

designation:professor

6:Author

contribution:He did the supervision of this study/Critical revision of the article/Final approval of the version to be published.

Published

2022-02-08

How to Cite

Ashraf, Ishtiaq Ahmad, Sajjad Ali, Nabi Rahman, Hamidullah, & Amjad Ali. (2022). Estimation of emerging diagnostic parameters for Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients severity and fatality. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 72(7), 1384–1390. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.4100

Issue

Section

Research Article