3D Sapiotyping: A Three Dimensional Definition Authors Sanjay Kalra Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India; University Center for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India; Atul Dhingra Department of Endocrinology, Bansal Gangaram Hospital, Sriganganagar, India; Nitin Kapoor Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; Non-communicable disease unit, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.24-69 Abstract Precision medicine and personalized care have been atcentre-stage in diabetology, and rightfully so. Variousmeans of classification and clustering have been proposedto help identify clinical features, causative factors and‘curative’ strategies for people living with diabetes.Sapiotype describes “the various attitudes that person withdiabetes may have towards their disease, their doctor orhealth care providers, a specific diagnostic procedure, drug,delivery device, and the health care system at large”. Thesapiotypic spectrum is a wide one, which encapsulatessapiotypic fluidity, or variability in attitudes, as well. In thiscommunication, we further expand the sapiotypicspectrum by creating a 3- dimensional model. Downloads Full Text Article Published 2024-08-23 How to Cite Sanjay Kalra, Atul Dhingra, & Nitin Kapoor. (2024). 3D Sapiotyping: A Three Dimensional Definition. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 74(9), 1711–1713. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.24-69 More Citation Formats ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX Issue Vol. 74 No. 9 (2024): SEPTEMBER Section RECENT ADVANCES IN ENDOCRINOLOGY License Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.