Recent Advancements in Gremlin-1: Breast cancer

Authors

  • Nimrah Inam Department of Paediatrics, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
  • Ayesha Hameed MBBS Graduate, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
  • Lubna Vohra
  • Sana Zeeshan Department of Breast Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.AKUS-25

Abstract

One of the bone’s morphogenic protein (BMP) antagonists, Gremlin-1 or GREM-1, can bind directly to BMPs. GREM-1 can act in either BMP-dependent or -independent pathways, according to research. It reinforces organogenesis, tissue differentiation, and organ fibrosis. Recent research from numerous studies has demonstrated the significance of GREM-1 in the initiation, progression, and even metastasis of different cancers, including breast, cervical, gastric, and colorectal cancers. This review highlights the function of GREM-1 in the development of breast cancer and its effect on the cellular procedures and signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis.

Keywords: Bone Morphogenetic, Carcinogenesis, Organogenesis, Colorectal Neoplasms, breast cancers, stem cells

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Published

2023-01-25

How to Cite

Nimrah Inam, Ayesha Hameed, Lubna Vohra, & Sana Zeeshan. (2023). Recent Advancements in Gremlin-1: Breast cancer. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 73(2), S155-S159. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.AKUS-25

Issue

Vol. 73 No. 2 (2023): Stem Cells: A New Frontier in Surgery

Section

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