Validation of an assessment tool for professionalism in medical students: a mixed method study Authors Humaira Fayyaz Khan Department of Physiology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan Raheela Yasmeen Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan Shabana Ali Department of Anatomy, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.7770 Keywords: Professionalism, Delphi, Focus group, Medical students, Factor analysis Abstract Objective: To develop and validate a tool for the assessment of professionalism in medical students during clerkship. Method: The mixed-method study was confucted from February to September 2018 at the Islamic International Medical College, Riphah University, Islamabad, Pakistan. A preliminary focus group discussion ws followed by two rounds of Delphi technique to validate micro-scenarios for the relevance of each item of the instrument alongside its content validity. For content and construct validation of the tool, content validity, cognitive validity, cognitive pretesting, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability assessment was done. Piloting was done on medical students doing clerkship. Data was analysed using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21. Results: A 35-item preliminary tool from micro-scenarios generated after focus group discussion was developed for the first Delphi round. For the second round, a 29-item tool was resent to the experts for validation. After the second round, the content validity scale was 0.94. Removal of 1 item produced a 28-item tool. Pre-cognitive testing of the 28 items resulted in rephrasing of 4, modification of 2, and deletion of 1 and a tool with 27 items. Piloting was carried out and after CFA resulted in a reduced 21 item tool. Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.96. A good to excellent model fit was produced after performing confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusion: A tool comprising of 21 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale that had acceptable construct validity and good content validity was developed. It can be used to evaluate the level of professionalism of local medical students doing clerkship. Key Words: Professionalism, Delphi, Focus group, Medical students, Factor analysis. Author Biography Raheela Yasmeen, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan Dean Riphah Academy of Research and Education-RAREDirector ORIC, Director MHPE & CHPE ProgramsInternational Conference on Medical Education-ICME OrganizerChairperson Faculty Development CommitteeMember of Technology Enhance Learning-TEE committee Downloads Full Text Article Published 2023-10-30 How to Cite Khan, H. F., Yasmeen, R., & Ali, S. (2023). Validation of an assessment tool for professionalism in medical students: a mixed method study. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 73(11), 2177–2182. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.7770 More Citation Formats ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX Issue Vol. 73 No. 11 (2023): NOVEMBER Section RESEARCH ARTICLE License Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.