Impact of Age, Gender, post infection and post vaccination status on antibody response in COVID 19 patients

Authors

  • Sidra Sadiq Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Maria Khan Department of Microbiology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Tayyaba Sadiq Rehman College of Allied Health Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Sheryar Orakzai Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Mirza Muhammad Dawood Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Najeeb Ul Haq Rehman College of Allied Health Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.5309

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 spike protein antibodies against coronavirus disease-2019 in post-infection and post-vaccinated individuals.

Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted June, 1 to July 31, 2021, at the Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan, and comprised subjects of either gender in whom immunogenicity was checked 35 days post-vaccination and 90 days post-infection. Correlation with age and gender was checked. Specimens were collected and investigated for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 spike protein antibodies by consuming electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.

Results: Of the total 256 patients enrolled, 70(27.34%) were included; 49(69%) males and 21(29.6%) females. The overall mean age was 44±7.75 years. Among 30(42.8%) patients with positive polymerase chain reaction test, the mean time between positive the test and antibody screening was 90±30 days. Among the 40(57.2%) vaccinated individuals, the time between vaccination and antibody screening was 35±9.74 days. Overall, 68(97%) patients revealed robust positive findings to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 spike proteins antibodies >50IU/mL. Male subjects had significantly higher immunogenic response compared to females (p=0.001), and immunogenicity decreased with advancing age (p<0.001). Also, post-vaccinated patients’ antibody response was significant compared to post-infection patients’ response (p=0.001).

Conclusion: Majority of the patients had significantly higher antibody titers against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 post-infection and post-vaccination. Males and younger individuals developed a significant humoral immunity compared to females and the elderly.

Key Words: Antibodies, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination.

Author Biographies

Sidra Sadiq, Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan

TMO Chemical Pathology

Maria Khan, Department of Microbiology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan

Consultant Microbiologist

Tayyaba Sadiq, Rehman College of Allied Health Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan

BS MLT 5th semester

Sheryar Orakzai, Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan

TMO Chemical pathology 

Mirza Muhammad Dawood, Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan

Consultant Chemical pathology

Najeeb Ul Haq, Rehman College of Allied Health Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan

BS MLT 5th semester

Published

2022-08-15

How to Cite

Sadiq, S., Khan, M., Sadiq, T. ., Orakzai, S. ., Muhammad Dawood, M., & Ul Haq, N. (2022). Impact of Age, Gender, post infection and post vaccination status on antibody response in COVID 19 patients. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 72(9), 1805–1809. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.5309

Issue

Section

RESEARCH ARTICLE