RAPNO efforts in Brain Tumour Outcomes Authors Qurat-ul-Ain Virani Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Zanib Javed Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Muhammad Shahzad Shamim Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.24-39 Abstract Assessing treatment efficacy for brain tumours has evolvedsince its inception with the introduction of MacDonald’scriteria, which pioneered the utility of imaging todetermine an objective and quantifiable response totreatment. This criterion failed to distinguish pseudoresponse or progression from progression and did notaccount for non-enhancing disease therefore; the responseassessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) working group wasestablished to account for these limitations. Since, itscommencement it has worked to determine responseassessment for multiple tumours. As paediatric tumoursexhibit heterogeneous and variable-enhancingcharacteristics, the response assessment in paediatricneuro-oncology (RAPNO) working group was formed tocreate separate criteria. Six response criteria have beenpublished to date, and the article summarizes them.Keywords: RAPNO, neuro-oncology, response assessment Downloads Full Text Article Published 2024-04-22 How to Cite Qurat-ul-Ain Virani, Zanib Javed, & Muhammad Shahzad Shamim. (2024). RAPNO efforts in Brain Tumour Outcomes. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 74(5), 1005–1006. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.24-39 More Citation Formats ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX Issue Vol. 74 No. 5 (2024): MAY Section EVIDENCE BASED NEURO-ONCOLOGY License Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.